Decisions

Keep up to date on the latest Commercial List decisions.

The decisions below represent all Commercial List matters published on CanLII in the last year. This list will be updated every week. 
Decisions
  • keywords: Bankruptcy and insolvency — Receivership — Approval of Receiver’s activities, fees, and reports — Receiver’s activities conducted within the scope of the Appointment Order and Housing Services Act — Court satisfied with prudence and diligence of Receiver’s actions — Standard practice of periodic court approval of Receiver’s activities — Approval granted for Receiver’s fees and reports — Test for approval of court-appointed officer’s actions under inherent jurisdiction | Property — Housing co-operatives — Receivership — Approval of Receiver’s activities and fees — Receiver’s mandate to stabilize Co-op’s finances, governance, and operations — Receiver’s actions included urgent repairs, governance improvements, and financial management — Court satisfied with Receiver’s compliance with Appointment Order and Housing Services Act — Approval of Receiver’s activities and fees justified under relevant case law | Municipalities — Housing Services Act — Request for Expressions of Interest and Qualifications (RFEIQ) process — Receiver’s authority to propose RFEIQ process for transitioning Co-op out of receivership — Court approval of RFEIQ process limited to initial phases — Receiver directed to report back on progress — Court retains discretion to approve further steps — Test for approval of proposed processes in receivership context | Social welfare — Co-operative housing — Governance and management — Receiver’s authority to evaluate board candidates — Concerns about unresolved governance issues and triggering events — Receiver’s proposed RFEIQ process includes objective criteria for board candidacy — Court limits Receiver’s role in subjective evaluation of candidates — Court emphasizes importance of governance stability in transitioning Co-op out of receivership | Civil procedure — Court supervision of receivership — Restrictions on current Board’s ability to call meetings — Board prohibited from calling AGM or other meetings during RFEIQ process without court approval — Court’s discretion to impose procedural safeguards in receivership proceedings — Balancing stakeholder rights and procedural fairness in court-supervised processes

    CanLII | Jul 8, 2025

  • keywords: International law — Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards — New York Convention — Application of the Convention to arbitral awards rendered in Dubai International Financial Centre — Whether the arbitral award should be recognized and enforced despite objections regarding procedural rules and tribunal composition — Governing principles under the New York Convention, Article V | Statutory interpretation — Interpretation of arbitration agreements — Effect of Dubai Decree No. (34) on arbitration agreements referencing DIFC-LCIA Arbitration Rules — Whether the Decree replaced DIFC-LCIA Arbitration Rules with DIAC Arbitration Rules — Principles of Canadian law applied to interpret foreign legislation in the absence of evidence of foreign law | Civil procedure — Procedural fairness in arbitration — Allegations of compressed timelines and inability to retain counsel — Whether the arbitrator’s procedural decisions denied the respondent a fair hearing — Governing principles of procedural fairness in arbitration under the New York Convention

    CanLII | Jul 7, 2025

  • keywords: Business associations — Oppression remedy — Standing of complainants — Plaintiffs sought to advance oppression claims under section 248 of the OBCA against a corporate director in his personal capacity — Whether plaintiffs, as potential creditors, qualify as proper complainants under section 245(2)(c) of the OBCA — Court found plaintiffs did not meet the criteria for standing as complainants — Ontario Business Corporations Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. B.16, ss. 245, 248 | Securities — Oppression remedy — Standing of potential creditors — Plaintiffs claimed oppression based on alleged breaches of a Consultant Agreement and litigation initiated by the defendant — Whether plaintiffs, as potential creditors, qualify as complainants under section 245(2)(c) of the OBCA — Court held plaintiffs were not creditors at the time of the alleged oppression and lacked standing — Ontario Business Corporations Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. B.16, ss. 245, 248 | Civil procedure — Summary judgment — Rule 20.04(2)(a) — Defendant sought summary judgment to dismiss oppression claims against him in his personal capacity — Whether there was a genuine issue requiring a trial regarding plaintiffs' standing as complainants under the OBCA — Court granted summary judgment, finding no triable issue on standing — Rules of Civil Procedure, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 194, Rule 20.04(2)(a)

    CanLII | Jul 4, 2025

  • keywords: Bankruptcy and insolvency — Monitor's reports — Approval of activities — Applicants sought approval of the Monitor's 24th through 27th Reports and activities described therein — Should the Monitor's reports and activities be approved? — Approval granted as activities were consistent with the appointment order and accretive to the progress of the CCAA proceedings — Target Canada Co., (Re), 2015 ONSC 7574 applied | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Wind-Down Order — Reporting obligations — Applicants sought to amend the Wind-Down Order to reduce variance reporting frequency from bi-weekly to monthly — Should the reporting obligations be amended? — Amendment approved to reduce administrative burdens and professional fees while maintaining transparency | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Addition of Applicant — Claims process — Block 6 Holding Inc. — Applicants sought to add Block 6 as an Applicant and approve a restricted claims process and administration charge — Should Block 6 be added as an Applicant, and should the claims process and charge be approved? — Relief granted as Block 6 met statutory requirements under the CCAA and inclusion maximized stakeholder value | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Sale of property — French discharge order — Applicants sought approval of the sale of the 3550 Pitfield Property and a French discharge order for Québec land registry compliance — Should the sale and discharge order be approved? — Sale and discharge order approved as the transaction met section 36 CCAA factors and Soundair Principles | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Mediation — Cost allocation — Applicants sought approval of a Court-appointed mediator to resolve cost allocation issues among financiers — Should the mediation process and mediator be approved? — Mediation approved as it advanced the remedial purposes of the CCAA and minimized delays — 1057863 B.C. Ltd. (Re), 2022 BCSC 759 applied

    CanLII | Jul 2, 2025

  • keywords: Business associations — Shareholder disputes — Settlement agreements — Breakdown of business relationships — Disentanglement of business interests — Dispute over share transfer obligations under a Settlement Agreement — Whether the court can compel the transfer of shares in ELI and HLI — Settlement Agreement upheld as valid — Relief deferred pending resolution of related proceedings — Interconnected litigation involving multiple parties and claims | Contracts — Settlement agreements — Enforcement — Applicants sought to compel the transfer of shares under a Settlement Agreement — Whether the Settlement Agreement’s terms required the transfer of shares upon receipt of specified payments — Court held that prior decisions did not automatically compel share transfer — Relief deferred pending resolution of related proceedings — Settlement Agreement interpreted as binding but subject to conditions | Obligations — Pre-conditions to performance — Share transfer obligations under a Settlement Agreement — Whether mortgages placed on properties without consent impacted obligations under the Settlement Agreement — Respondent argued pre-conditions were not met due to mortgage issues — Court deferred relief pending resolution of related proceedings — Outstanding PSA Action and Kayzan Distribution Application raised concerns about share value and obligations | Civil procedure — Costs — Partial indemnity costs awarded — Applicants ordered to pay $60,000 in costs to the respondent — Costs awarded due to the court’s decision to defer relief pending resolution of related proceedings — Costs fixed inclusive of taxes and disbursements

    CanLII | Jun 30, 2025

  • keywords: Business associations — Corporate restructuring — Plan of arrangement — Section 192 of the Canada Business Corporations Act (CBCA) — Amalgamation and debt restructuring — Does the proposed arrangement meet the statutory requirements, including solvency, good faith, and impracticability of proceeding under other CBCA provisions? — Statutory prerequisites for approval of corporate arrangements under section 192 of the CBCA | Securities — Fairness of arrangement — Stakeholder interests — Voting results — Fairness opinion — Does the proposed plan of arrangement under section 192 of the CBCA meet the fairness and reasonableness test? — Factors for assessing fairness and reasonableness of corporate arrangements, including stakeholder approval and fairness opinions | Business associations — Releases — Scope of releases — Released Parties — Are the proposed releases in favour of the Released Parties appropriate under section 192(4) of the CBCA? — Judicial discretion to approve releases in corporate arrangements under section 192(4) of the CBCA | Civil procedure — Objections to arrangement — Stakeholder objections — Claims of default — Inadequate disclosure — Should objections raised by stakeholders, including claims of default and inadequate disclosure, affect the approval of the plan of arrangement? — Judicial consideration of stakeholder objections in corporate arrangement proceedings

    CanLII | Jun 27, 2025

  • keywords: Business associations — Corporate governance — Board of Directors — Constitution of the Board — Improperly convened meetings — Deficient notice — Shareholder approval requirements — Whether the Board of Directors of Visionary Holdings Inc. as of March 25, 2025, constitutes the lawful Board — Ontario Business Corporations Act, s. 122(1) — VHI By-Law No. 1, ss. 3.8, 4.4 — Court held that improperly convened meetings were void and confirmed the March 25, 2025 Board as lawful | Business associations — Investigation orders — Section 161 of the OBCA — Prima facie case of oppression — Allegations of fraud, stock manipulation, and breach of fiduciary duties — Whether an investigation order is appropriate — Test from Khavari v. Mizrahi applied — Court found prima facie evidence of oppressive conduct and ordered the appointment of an inspector | Business associations — Injunctions — Restraining participation in management — Fiduciary duties — Allegations of misconduct by a director — Whether Fan Zhou should be restrained from participating in the management of Visionary Holdings Inc. — Test from RJR-MacDonald Inc. applied — Court granted interlocutory injunction restraining Zhou from management pending investigation | Business associations — Shareholder actions — Super-majority voting rights — Restraint on shareholder actions — Whether 3888 Investment Group Limited should be restrained from removing directors during the investigation — Allegations of improper consolidation of voting power — Court restrained 3888 from taking action to change the Board of Directors pending further order

    CanLII | Jun 27, 2025

  • keywords: Civil procedure — Document production — Privilege claims — Plaintiffs sought production of the Bowen Memo and related documents from the Defendant auditor — Defendant claimed solicitor-client privilege and litigation privilege over the documents — Should the requested documents be produced? — Rule 30 of the Rules of Civil Procedure governs the production of relevant, non-privileged documents | Evidence — Solicitor-client privilege — Plaintiffs sought production of the Bowen Memo and related documents — Defendant claimed solicitor-client privilege, asserting the documents were prepared for legal counsel — Were the documents created for the purpose of seeking or receiving legal advice? — Solicitor-client privilege requires communication with counsel, confidentiality, and the purpose of legal advice | Evidence — Litigation privilege — Plaintiffs sought production of the Bowen Memo and related documents — Defendant claimed litigation privilege, asserting the documents were created in anticipation of litigation — Were the documents created for the dominant purpose of litigation? — Litigation privilege applies where the dominant purpose of a document is reasonably contemplated litigation | Evidence — Document production — Redactions — Plaintiffs argued that even if parts of the Bowen Memo were privileged, non-privileged portions should be produced — Should the documents be produced without redaction? — Non-privileged portions of documents must be disclosed under Rule 30 of the Rules of Civil Procedure

    CanLII | Jun 26, 2025

  • keywords: Bankruptcy and insolvency — Receivership — Discharge of Receiver — Approval of fees and activities — Receiver sought discharge and approval of its fees and activities — Should the Receiver be discharged, and its fees and activities approved? — Discharge appropriate where Receivership transitions to CCAA proceedings — Fees and activities consistent with Appointment Order and market rates — Bank of Nova Scotia v. Diemer applied | Bankruptcy and insolvency — CCAA Initial Order — Appointment of Monitor and CRO — Insolvent companies sought CCAA protection and appointment of Monitor and CRO — Should the CCAA Initial Order be granted? — Relief appropriate where companies are insolvent and restructuring necessary — Monitor and CRO qualified and supported by stakeholders — Section 11 of the CCAA applied | Construction — Transaction approval — Court-approved sales process — Approval of Transaction with Tridel Builders Inc. for Project completion — Should the Transaction be approved? — Transaction maximizes value and ensures Project completion — Soundair Principles and Nortel factors applied | Civil procedure — Adjournment — Request for adjournment of motions — Château Yorkville Corp. sought adjournment to submit alternative proposal — Should the adjournment request be granted? — Adjournment denied to preserve integrity of sales process and avoid prejudice to stakeholders — Timelines and fairness considerations emphasized | Construction — Reconfiguration Plan — Changes to unit structure — Approval of Tridel Reconfiguration Plan reducing total units — Should the Reconfiguration Plan be approved? — Plan optimizes unit value and balances sales velocity — Minimal impact on schedule or municipal approvals — Section 11 of the CCAA applied | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Interim financing — DIP Credit Agreement and DIP Lenders' Charge — Approval of $615 million DIP financing for Project completion — Should the DIP Credit Agreement and Charge be approved? — Financing necessary to complete Project and supported by stakeholders — Section 11.2(4) of the CCAA applied | Bankruptcy and insolvency — Sealing order — Confidential sales process materials — Request for sealing order for commercially sensitive information — Should a sealing order be granted? — Sealing order appropriate to protect realization efforts and prevent prejudice — Sierra Club and Sherman Estate factors applied

    CanLII | Jun 25, 2025

  • keywords: Civil procedure — Service of process — Foreign sovereign states — Validity of service through diplomatic channels under section 9(1)(c) and (2) of the State Immunity Act (SIA) — Whether service must comply with the Hague Service Convention under section 9(1)(b) of the SIA — Service deemed valid under SIA without mandatory compliance with the Convention — State Immunity Act, R.S.C., 1985, c. S-18, ss. 9(1), 9(2), 9(5) | International law — Hague Service Convention — Applicability to service on foreign sovereign states — Whether the Convention creates a mandatory hierarchy for service methods under section 9(1) of the State Immunity Act — Interpretation of Canada’s obligations under the Convention — Service through diplomatic channels preserved as an option under Canadian law — Hague Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, 1965 | Statutory interpretation — State Immunity Act — Interpretation of section 9(1) — Whether “may” in section 9(1) creates a hierarchy of service methods — Legislative intent to preserve diplomatic channels as a valid service method — Modern principle of statutory interpretation applied — No mandatory priority for the Hague Service Convention under section 9(1)(b) | Evidence — Proof of service — Conclusive proof under section 14(2) of the State Immunity Act — Certificate issued by Global Affairs Canada confirming transmission of documents to the Republic of Argentina — Service deemed effective on October 23, 2024 — State Immunity Act, R.S.C., 1985, c. S-18, ss. 9(5), 14(2) | Civil procedure — Costs — Partial indemnity costs — Reasonableness and proportionality of costs claimed by the Applicants — Costs awarded to the Applicants in the amount of $79,672.35 — Rule 57 of the Rules of Civil Procedure applied

    CanLII | Jun 25, 2025

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